{"id":11948,"date":"2023-02-22T15:43:00","date_gmt":"2023-02-22T14:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pslsystemtechnik.com\/wax-and-paraffine-in-crude-oil\/"},"modified":"2025-04-28T09:47:28","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T07:47:28","slug":"wax-and-paraffine-in-crude-oil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/en\/wax-and-paraffine-in-crude-oil\/","title":{"rendered":"Wax, paraffine and wax deposits in crude oil"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"11948\" class=\"elementor elementor-11948 elementor-4105\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac71a11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ac71a11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bd8a23 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3bd8a23\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Expert Knowledge<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2dc27b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2dc27b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wax, parrafine and wax deposits in crude oil<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a18a1a9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a18a1a9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb81d08 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"eb81d08\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5659756 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5659756\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfa21ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cfa21ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/de\/produkte\/wax-flow-loop\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Wax_Flow_Loop_front_with_thermostat-768x512.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-1320\" alt=\"Wax Flow Loop WL\" srcset=\"https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Wax_Flow_Loop_front_with_thermostat-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Wax_Flow_Loop_front_with_thermostat-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Wax_Flow_Loop_front_with_thermostat-1024x682.webp 1024w, https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Wax_Flow_Loop_front_with_thermostat-1536x1024.webp 1536w, https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Wax_Flow_Loop_front_with_thermostat.webp 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Wax Flow Loop WL<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a4e774 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3a4e774\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1db7a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b1db7a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wax and paraffine in crude oil<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0ee54d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e0ee54d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The groups of waxes and paraffins are often combined when crude oil is concerned. Under the same circumstances both groups lead to the same problems. Thus, the terms &#8220;wax&#8221; and &#8220;paraffine&#8221; are used synonymous.<\/p>\n<p>Crude oil is a very heterogeneous alloy of several thousands of single components of mainly hydrocarbons. The amount of heteroatoms like sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and metalorganic compounds differs from oil to oil. The crude contains many different fractions from soluted gases (gaseous under standard conditions = atmospheric pressure and room temperature) up to high molecular compounds like resins and asphaltenes which can be classified and separated by their chemical and physical properties.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd451aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"dd451aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0f3b27 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a0f3b27\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd50c9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bd50c9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Paraffines\u00a0<\/strong>are a part of the homologeous series of alkanes &#8211; the saturated series of hydrocarbons &#8211; with\u00a0the general formula C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n+2<\/sub>. Paraffines are\u00a0classified as the part from about C<sub>18<\/sub>. Due to the numerous\u00a0possibilities of branched iso-alkanes the physical properties of paraffins are\u00a0wide-spreaded.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d49cdb9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d49cdb9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec66a50 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ec66a50\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Waxes are a very heterogeneous group of higher hydrocarbons without a specific composition, often heteroatoms are contained. Waxes are defined by their mechanical and physical properties. (see\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wachs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wax on Wikipedia<\/a>)<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc02676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fc02676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-891164f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"891164f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c8ef5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4c8ef5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Problems with wax in crude oil<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1591efa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1591efa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The crude oil composition varies strongly from reservoir to reservoir. The\u00a0spectrum of extracted oil reaches from\u00a0thin, low-viscous and straw-coloured oils with very low amounts of wax to deep\u00a0black, highly viscous (solid at room temperature) oils with high amounts of\u00a0wax. A classification in paraffinic-waxy and\u00a0naphtenic oils helps to estimate the behaviour of the oil but for accurate\u00a0informations about the oil extensive tests under realistic conditions has\u00a0to be executed.<\/p>\n<p>If crude oil is cooled &#8211; in the borewell, at oil conditioning or during pipeline\u00a0transport &#8211; below its WAT wax crystals start to form.\u00a0These crystals can form deposits when coontacting any kind of\u00a0surface like walls, valves etc. Over short periods of time these\u00a0deposits can plug the\u00a0equipment. During a continouos oil prodution they can be hold at\u00a0a nearly constant level. Shear forces on the bounding surface of the wax\u00a0layers &#8211; transmitted by the transpoted fluid &#8211; are increasing if the diameter is\u00a0reduced by deposits. The soft wax layers are sheared of. A varying or\u00a0stopping prodution flow can lead to formation of massive wax plug. These\u00a0plugs can only be removed with high efforts: physically (by heating or by\u00a0pressure pulses) or chemically (by using dissolvers). The economic\u00a0costs and the production loss very high are in each case.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cf9a96 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9cf9a96\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4d46e8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b4d46e8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abd228e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"abd228e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Control and avoidance of wax deposits<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-523a289 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"523a289\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Physical, mechanical or chemical<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20a86bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"20a86bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Considering that the removal of wax deposits is a very time-consuming and expensive process the prevention of the formation or if prevention is not possible the control of wax deposits is a main objective. This can be done like the removal in three different ways:<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc355b1 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"fc355b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><b>mechanical:<\/b> deposits in pipelines can be removed by pigs (technical devices for inspection and cleaning of pipes) and at borewells special inserts for deposit removal are in use. These devices can be used regularly if certain parameters (time, dropping feed rate, pressure loss etc) are exceeded.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><b>physical:<\/b> due to the fact that the wax deposition is a temperature-dependant process, the oil or the production devices can be heated to stay above the WAT of the oil. So the wax crystal formation is avoided.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><b>chemical:<\/b> by adding chemicals already at the borewell the chemical properties of the crude can be influenced. The WAT can be shifted to higher temperatures that are near or better above the operating temperature. Also the growing of wax crystals can be reduced by using kinetic inhibitors which do not suppress the crystal formation but reduce the speed of the crystal growth rate. Another way is to allow the formation of crystals but to interfere in the agglomeration process with anti-agglomerats, the wax does crystallise but the crystals can not combine to bigger particles.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-543031c0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"543031c0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44ef7cda e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"44ef7cda\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e2ec1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7e2ec1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/information-image.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"Icon f\u00fcr PSL information\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18a742f3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"18a742f3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ca2821 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4ca2821\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Do you need any further information<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2265f7bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2265f7bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We are looking forward to your questions.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66f34ac1 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"66f34ac1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/en\/contact-us\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact Us<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb7cc41 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fb7cc41\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-448c977 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"448c977\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37a5d8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"37a5d8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wax Appearance Temperature (WAT) and Wax Deposition Temperature (WDT)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e49744 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e49744\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In crude oil paraffins and waxes are soluted in the low-molecular, liquid\u00a0components. If the oil is cooled down the limit of solubility of these\u00a0high-molecular compounds is under-run at a specific temperature. The\u00a0component whose solubility is reached starts to crystallise, first micro-crystals\u00a0will begin to formate. This process leads to a phase separation, the initial\u00a0single phase alloy changes to a two-phase mixture. If the composition is\u00a0not altered, crystallisation is a temperature-only process. Pressure\u00a0dependency is also influencing the crystallisation, but it is of much lesser\u00a0influence than temperature, so under test conditions with only small pressure\u00a0changes it can be neglected.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9f95a2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d9f95a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10a135f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"10a135f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b4d2bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3b4d2bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wax Appearance Temperature WAT<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95004ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"95004ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/en\/wax-appearance-temperature-wat\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn more about WAT<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d5b9e3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5d5b9e3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd39edb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fd39edb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wax Deposition Temperature WDT<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdc80fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"bdc80fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link 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We provide you with important updates.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23061940 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"23061940\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/en\/worry-free-service\/newsletter-registration\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Subscribe to Newsletter<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Expert Knowledge Wax, parrafine and wax deposits in crude oil Wax Flow Loop WL Wax and paraffine in crude oil The groups of waxes and paraffins are often combined when crude oil is concerned. Under the same circumstances both groups lead to the same problems. Thus, the terms &#8220;wax&#8221; and&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[103,106,109],"class_list":["post-11948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-psl-wiki-en","tag-oil","tag-paraffin-en","tag-wax"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>wax deposits in crude oil &#187; PSL Systemtechnik<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Control and removal of wax deposits in the crude oil so that the pipelines do not become blocked and the flow rate is maintained.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/psl-systemtechnik.com\/en\/wax-and-paraffine-in-crude-oil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"wax deposits in crude oil &#187; 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